Purity
>90%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Activity
Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. When Recombinant Human TSG-6 is present at 0.5 μg/well, the concentration of biotinylated hyaluronan that produces 50% of the optimal binding response is found to be approximately 4-30 ng/mL.
Source
Mouse myeloma cell line, NS0-derived Trp18-Leu277, with a C-terminal 10-His tag
Accession #
N-terminal Sequence
AnalysisTrp18
Predicted Molecular Mass
30.5 kDa
SDS-PAGE
40 kDa, reducing conditions
2104-TS |
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Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. | ||
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS. | ||
Shipping The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. | ||
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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Data Images
Binding Activity
| Recombinant Human TSG-6 (Catalog # 2104-TS) binds hyaluronan in a functional ELISA. When Recombinant Human TSG-6 is present at 0.5 µg/mL, the concentration of biotinylated hyaluronan that produces 50% of the optimal binding response is approximately 4-30 ng/mL. |
SDS-PAGE
| 1 μg/lane of Recombinant Human TSG-6 was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) conditions and visualized by silver staining, showing a single band at 40 kDa. |
Background: TSG-6
TSG-6 (TNF-stimulated gene 6; also TNFIP6) is a secreted, 35-39 kDa group A member of the LINK‑Module superfamily of proteins (1 - 4). Human TSG‑6 is synthesized as a 277 amino acid (aa) precursor. It contains a 17 aa signal sequence and a 260 aa mature region (5, 6). The mature region shows an N-terminal LINK module (aa 36-129) and a C-terminal CUB (C1s/C1r; urchin embryonic growth factor; BMP1) domain (aa 135-247). Link modules are alpha -helical, beta -sheet structures that bind hyaluronan (HA) and participate in extracellular matrix (ECM) assembly (7). Mature human TSG-6 shares 94% aa identity with both mouse and canine TSG-6. Cells reported to express TSG-6 include activated fibroblasts, synoviocytes, chondrocytes, neutrophils, proximal tubular epithelium, bronchial epithelium, endothelium, and visceral, plus vascular smooth muscle (2, 8). TSG-6 has multiple functions, many of which involve the ECM. It is suggested to stabilize HA-rich ECM. It does so by serving as an intermediary, or link, between the individual subunits of extracellular decameric pentraxin 3 and the surrounding hyaluronan matrix (9). It also provides structure and organization to hyaluronan. This is accomplished by a TSG-6 mediated transfer of an 80-85 kDa HC subunit from I alpha I (inter-alpha -inhibitor) to HA. I alpha I is a four-component, 225 kDa serine protease inhibitor. It contains a protease inhibitor subunit (bikunin), two independent, accompaning protein chains (HC1 and HC2), and a short chondroitin sulfate linking moiety. TSG-6 is a cation‑dependent catalyst for the removal, transfer, and subsequent covalent linkage of HC 1/2 to surrounding HA. This provides substance and reinforcement to the ECM (1, 2, 10, 11, 12). The disassembly of I alpha I also leads to free bikunin, which in the “free” state becomes a potent inhibitor of serine proteases (8).
References:
Milner, C.M. et al. (2006) Biochem. Soc. Trans. 34:446.
Milner, C.M. and A.J. Day (2003) J. Cell Sci. 116:1863.
Wisnieewski, H-G. and J. Vilcek (2004) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 15:129.
Blundell, C.D. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:18189.
Lee, T.H. et al. (1990) Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:1982.
Lee, T.H. et al. (1992) J. Cell Biol. 116:545.
Kohda, D. et al. (1996) Cell 86:767.
Forteza, R. et al. (2007) Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 36:20.
Salustri, A. et al. (2003) Development 131:1577.
Rugg, M.S. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:25674.
Sanggaard, K.W. et al. (2006) Biochemistry 45:7661.
Sanggaard, K.W. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:11936.
Long Name:
Tumor Necrosis Factor-stimulated Gene Sequence 6
Entrez Gene IDs:
7130 (Human); 21930 (Mouse)
Alternate Names:
Hyaluronate-binding protein; TNF alpha-induced protein 6; TNFAIP6; TNF-stimulated gene 6 protein; TSG6; TSG-6; TSG-6tumor necrosis factor alpha-inducible protein 6; TSG6tumor necrosis factor-inducible gene 6 protein; Tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 6; tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 6; tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene-6 protein
