Recombinant Human VEGF-C Protein, CF EA_行业前沿_产品

Purity
>95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Activity
Measured in a cell proliferation assay using HMVEC human microvascular endothelial cells. Marconcini, L. et al. (1999) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96:9671. The ED ₅₀ for this effect is 1.5-9 ng/mL.
Source
Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO-derived Ala112-Arg227
Accession #
N-terminal Sequence
Analysis
Ala112
Structure / Form
Disulfide-linked homodimer
Predicted Molecular Mass
13 kDa
SDS-PAGE
13-20 kDa, reducing conditions

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

9199-VC/CF		9199-VC
Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in HCl.		Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in HCl with BSA as a carrier protein.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 250 μg/mL in 4 mM HCl.		Reconstitution Reconstitute at 250 μg/mL in 4 mM HCl.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.		Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.		Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Data Images

Bioactivity

RecombinantHuman VEGF-C (Catalog # 9199-VC/CF) induces HMVEC human microvascular endothelialcell proliferation. The ED₅₀ for thiseffect is 1.5-9 ng/mL. The ED₅₀ for the three competitors is 30 ng/mL, which is at least more than
10-fold weaker.

Background: VEGF-C

Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) and VEGF-D constitute a subfamily of the angiogenic VEGF angiogenic factors (1). VEGF-C is synthesized as a 58 kDa molecule that consists of a VEGF homolgy domain (VHD) flanked by N- and C-terminal propeptides. The proprotein undergoes covalent homodimerization and stepwise proteolytic processing to generate ligands with increasing affinity for VEGF R3/Flt-4 (2-4). Fully processed VEGF-C containing just the 21 kDa VHD can additionally bind and activate VEGF R2/KDR/Flk-1 (2, 4). Fully processed human VEGF-C shares 98% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat VEGF-C. VEGF-C interactions with VEGF R3 are critical for lymphangiogenesis (5-8). VEGF-C and VEGF R3 are usually co-expressed at sites with lymphatic vessel sprouting, in the embryo, and in various pathological conditions. Over-expression of VEGF-C in tumor cells induces tumoral lymphatic hyperplasia, resulting in enhanced lymph flow and metastasis to regional lymph nodes (9-12). It also induces physiological and intratumoral neoangiogenesis and vessel sprouting through interactions with VEGF R2 (8, 13, 14).

References:

Chen, J.-C. et al. (2013) Int. J. Mol. Sci. 14:88.
Joukov, V. et al. (1996) EMBO J. 15:290.
Kukk, E. et al. (1996) Development 122:3829.
Joukov, V. et al. (1997) EMBO J. 16:3898.
Karkkainen, M. et al. (2004) Nat. Immunol. 5:74.
Jeltsch, M. et al. (1997) Science 276:1423.
Makinen, T. et al. (2001) Nat. Med. 7:199.
Laakkonen, P. et al. (2007) Cancer Res. 67:593.
Hoshida, T. et al. (2006) Cancer Res. 66:8065.
Mandriota, S.J. et al. (2001) EMBO J. 20:672.
Skobe, M. et al. (2001) Nat. Med. 7:192.
Padera, T.P. et al. (2002) Science 296:1883.
Tammela, T. et al. (2008) Nature 454:656.
Cao, Y. et al. (1998) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 95:14389.

Long Name:
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C
Entrez Gene IDs:
7424 (Human); 22341 (Mouse)
Alternate Names:
Flt4 ligand; Flt4-L; vascular endothelial growth factor C; Vascular endothelial growth factor-related protein; VEGFC; VEGF-C; VRPFLT4 ligand DHM