Purity
>95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Activity
Measured by its ability to inhibit IL-21-dependent proliferation of N1186 human T cells Parrish-Novak, J. et al. (2000) Nature 408:57.
The ED50 for this effect is 1-5 μg/mL in the presence of 50 ng/mL of recombinant mouse IL-21.
Source
Mouse myeloma cell line, NS0-derived
Rat IL-21 R
(Met1 - Pro236)
Accession # Q5EBB1IEGRMDP Mouse IgG2A
(Glu98 - Lys330)N-terminus C-terminus Accession #
N-terminal Sequence
AnalysisCys20
Structure / Form
Disulfide-linked homodimer
Predicted Molecular Mass
52.2 kDa (monomer)
SDS-PAGE
70-80 kDa, reducing conditions
6759-RR |
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Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. | ||
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in PBS. | ||
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. | ||
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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Background: IL-21 R
IL-21 R (interleukin-21 receptor) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that belongs to the class I cytokine receptor family, type 4 subfamily (1 ‑ 5). Complex formation between IL-21 R and the common gamma chain ( gamma c), also used for IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, and IL-15 receptors, is required for signaling (6, 7). Rat IL-21 R cDNA encodes a 521 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 19 aa signal peptide, a 218 aa extracellular domain (ECD) a 21 aa transmembrane domain and a 263 aa cytoplasmic domain. The ECD shows 4 conserved cysteine residues, a fibronectin type III domain, and a WSXWS motif; the cytoplasmin region possesses a Box1 motif, a kinase domain, and several sites for tyrosine phosphorylation (4, 5). One such site, pY502, mediates STAT binding (1, 2). The rat IL‑21 R ECD shares 70%, 91%, 66%, 63% and 58% aa identity with human, mouse, equine, canine and bovine IL-21 R, respectively. One potential 445 aa isoform is reported that contains an alternative start site at Met77. If expressed, it would lack three of the four conserved ECD cysteines seen in full-length rat IL-21 R (8). IL-21 R is expressed mainly on B cells (highest on mature, activated, follicular and germinal center B cells), NK cells, and activated T cells, but is also found on dendritic cells, alternatively activated macrophages, intestinal lamina propria fibroblasts and epithelial cells, and keratinocytes (1, 3 ‑ 5). Both IL-21 and IL-4 are necessary for efficient B cell IgG1 production and normal germinal center architecture (9). IL-21 engagement of the IL‑21 receptor on B cells induces Blimp-1 (which mediates plasma cell differentiation), and is important for memory responses (1, 10, 11). IL‑21 R engagement on mouse NK cells enhances their cytotoxic activity and IFN-gamma production (4, 12). IL‑21 R engagement on CD8+ T cells aids control of viral infection and tumor growth; IL‑21 R is also necessary for sufficient numbers of regulatory T cells to combat chronic inflammation (1, 13, 14). IL‑21 R expression is often up‑regulated in allergic skin inflammation, systemic lupus erythematosus and diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) (1, 2, 15, 16).
References:
Leonard, W.J. et al. (2008) J. Leukoc. Biol. 84:348.
Konforte, D. et al. (2009) J. Immunol. 182:1791.
Monteleone, G. et al., 2009, Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 20:185.
Parrish-Novak, et al. (2000) Nature 408:57.
Ozaki, K. et al. (2000) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97:11439.
Asao, H. et al. (2001) J. Immunol. 167:1.
Habib, T. et al. (2002) Biochemistry 41:8725.
Genbank Accession # EDM17511.
Ozaki, K. et al. (2002) Science 298:1630.
Rankin, A.L. et al. (2011) J. Immunol. 186:667.
King, I.L. et al. (2010) J. Immunol. 185:6138.
Kasaian, M.T. et al. (2002) Immunity 16:559.
Frohlich, A. et al. (2009 Science 324:1576.
Tortola, L. et al. (2010) Blood 116:5200.
Jin, H. et al. (2009) J. Clin. Invest. 119:47.
Sarosiek, K.A. et al. (2010) Blood 115:570.
Long Name:
Interleukin 21 Receptor
Entrez Gene IDs:
50615 (Human); 60504 (Mouse)
Alternate Names:
CD360 antigen; CD360; IL-21 R; IL-21 receptor; IL21R; IL-21R; interleukin 21 receptor; interleukin-21 receptor; MGC10967; NILR; Novel interleukin receptor
