Purity
>97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Activity
Measured by its ability to inhibit LPS-induced IL‑1 beta secretion by human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). The ED 50 for this effect is 0.1-0.6 ng/mL.
Source
E. coli-derived Ala26-Lys176
Accession #
N-terminal Sequence
AnalysisAla26
Structure / Form
Noncovalently-linked homodimer
Predicted Molecular Mass
17.6 kDa
Carrier Free
What does CF mean?
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
What formulation is right for me?
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
117-VL/CF |
| 117-VL |
Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in NaH 2PO 4 and NaCl. | Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in NaH 2PO 4 and NaCl with BSA as a carrier protein. | |
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS. | Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. | |
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. | Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. | |
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
| Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Background: IL-10
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays a crucial role in regulating immune and inflammstory responses (1). It has closely related homologs in the genome of several viruses including the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), a prevalent pathogen that can remain in humans as a latent infection (2). Viruses use multiple strategies to avoid detection and clearance by the host immune system. One of these strategies is to express virus-encoded host cytokine homologs, such as IL-10, to modulate the host immune system to the virus’ advantage. HCMV IL-10 is encoded from noncontiguous stretches in the viral genome and is transcribed early during infection. It shares 27% amino acid sequence identity with the endogenous human IL-10. Despite its low homology with the human protein, it can bind to the human IL-10 receptor complex and induces signal transduction. HCMV IL-10 has been shown to suppress cytokine production and inhibit proliferation of mitogen‑stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. HCMV IL-10 can also down regulate the antigen-presenting and accessory cell functions of human monocytes. These immunosuppressive properties of HCMV IL-10 likely contribute to immune evasion during virus infection (3).
References:
Moore, K.W. et al. (2001) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 19:683.
Kotenko, S.V. et al. (2000) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97:1695.
Spencer, J.V. et al. (2002) J. Virol. 76:1285.
Long Name:
Interleukin 10
Entrez Gene IDs:
3586 (Human); 16153 (Mouse); 25325 (Rat); 397106 (Porcine); 403628 (Canine); 493683 (Feline); 100135553 (Guinea Pig); 2949786 (Viral)
Alternate Names:
CSIF; CSIFMGC126450; Cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor; IL10; IL-10; IL10A; IL-10MGC126451; interleukin 10; interleukin-10; TGIF
