Purity
>90%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Activity
Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized Recombinant Mouse PD-1 Fc Chimera at 1 µg/mL (100 µL/well) can bind Recombinant Mouse B7‑H1/PD‑L1 Fc Chimera (Catalog # ) with an ED 50 of 0.16-0.8 μg/mL.
Source
Mouse myeloma cell line, NS0-derived
Mouse PD-1
(Leu25-Gln167)
Accession # Q02242IEGRMD Human IgG1
(Pro100-Lys330)N-terminus C-terminus Accession #
N-terminal Sequence
AnalysisLeu25
Structure / Form
Disulfide-linked homodimer
Predicted Molecular Mass
43 kDa (monomer)
SDS-PAGE
66 kDa, reducing conditions
1021-PD |
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Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. | ||
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 200 μg/mL in sterile PBS. | ||
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. | ||
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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Data Images
Bioactivity
| When Recombinant Mouse PD-1 Fc Chimera (Catalog # 1021-PD) is coated at 1 μg/mL, Recombinant Mouse B7‑H1/PD‑L1 Fc Chimera (Catalog # ) binds with an ED50 of 0.16-0.8 μg/mL. |
Background: PD-1
Programmed Death-1 receptor (PD-1), also known as CD279, is type I transmembrane protein belonging to the CD28 family of immune regulatory receptors (1). Other members of this family include CD28, CTLA-4, ICOS, and BTLA (2-5). Mature mouse PD-1 consists of a 149 amino acid (aa) extracellular region (ECD) with one immunoglobulin-like V-type domain, a 21 aa transmembrane domain, and a 98 aa cytoplasmic region. The mouse PD-1 ECD shares 65% aa sequence identity with the human PD-1 ECD. The cytoplasmic tail contains two tyrosine residues that form the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motif (ITSM) that are important for mediating PD-1 signaling. PD-1 acts as a monomeric receptor and interacts in a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio with its ligands PD-L1 (B7-H1) and PD-L2 (B7-DC) (6, 7). PD‑1 is expressed on activated T cells, B cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells while PD-L1 expression is constitutive on the same cells and also on nonhematopoietic cells such as lung endothelial cells and hepatocytes (8, 9). Ligation of PD-L1 with PD-1 induces
co-inhibitory signals on T cells promoting their apoptosis, anergy, and functional exhaustion (10). Thus, the PD-1:PD-L1 interaction is a key regulator of the threshold of immune response and peripheral immune tolerance (11). Finally, blockade of the PD-1: PD-L1 interaction by either antibodies or genetic manipulation accelerates tumor eradication and shows potential for improving cancer immunotherapy (12, 13).
References:
Ishida, Y. et al. (1992) EMBO J. 11:3887.
Sharpe, A.H. and G. J. Freeman (2002) Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2:116.
Coyle, A. and J. Gutierrez-Ramos (2001) Nat. Immunol. 2:203.
Nishimura, H. and T. Honjo (2001) Trends Immunol. 22:265.
Watanabe, N et al. (2003) Nat. Immunol. 4:670.
Zhang, X. et al. (2004) Immunity 20:337.
Lázár-Molnár, E. et al. (2008) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105:10483.
Nishimura, H et al. (1996) Int. Immunol. 8:773.
Keir, M.E. et al. (2008) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 26:677.
Butte, M.J. et al. (2007) Immunity 27:111.
Okazaki, T. et al. (2013) Nat. Immunol. 14:1212.
Iwai, Y. et al. (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99: 12293.
Nogrady, B. (2014) Nature 513:S10.
Long Name:
Programmed Death-1
Entrez Gene IDs:
5133 (Human); 18566 (Mouse); 301626 (Rat); 486213 (Canine); 102123659 (Cynomolgus Monkey)
Alternate Names:
CD279 antigen; CD279; hPD-1; PD-1; PD1hPD-l; PDCD1; programmed cell death 1; programmed cell death protein 1; Protein PD-1; SLEB2
