• Purity

  >90%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by Colloidal Coomassie® Blue stain

• Activity

  Add Recombinant Human HA-SUMO1 Vinyl Sulfone to     in vitro assays to inhibit SUMO-specific isopeptidases (SENPs). The HA-tag allows for detection and purification of SUMO-specific isopeptidases (SENPs) activity. Reaction conditions will need to be optimized for each specific application. We recommend an initial Recombinant Human HA-SUMO1 Vinyl Sulfone concentration of 1-5 μM.

• Source

  E. coli-derived Contains an N‑terminal HA (YPYDVPDYA) tag and a C‑terminal Vinyl Sulfone

• Accession #

• Predicted Molecular Mass

  12 kDa

Background: SUMO1

Human Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier 1 (SUMO1), also known as Sentrin, UBL1, and SMT3C, is synthesized as a 101 amino acid (aa) propeptide with a predicted molecular weight of 11.5 kDa. Human SUMO1 is the most unique of the four identified SUMO proteins and shares only 44%, 47%, and 41% aa sequence identity with SUMO2, SUMO3, and SUMO4, respectively. In contrast, human SUMO1 shares 100% aa sequence identity with the mouse ortholog. SUMOs are a family of small, related proteins that can be enzymatically attached to a target protein by a post-translational modification process termed SUMOylation (1-3). All SUMO proteins share a conserved Ubiquitin domain and a C-terminal diglycine cleavage/attachment site. Following cleavage of a four aa C-terminal prosegment, the C-terminal glycine residue of SUMO1 is enzymatically attached to a lysine residue on a target protein. In humans, SUMO1 is conjugated to a variety of molecules in the presence of the SAE1/UBA2 SUMO-activating (E1) enzyme and the UBE2I/Ubc9 SUMO-conjugating (E2) enzyme (4,5). In yeast, the SUMO-activating (E1) enzyme is Aos1/Uba2p (6). SUMOylation can occur without the requirement of a specific SUMO ligase (E3), where SUMO1 is transferred directly from UBE2I/Ubc9 to specific substrates. In Alzheimer's disease models SUMO1 has been shown to influence the generation of Amyloid-beta peptide by promoting the accumulation of BACE-1 (7). Covalent modification of Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Deleted on Chromosome (PTEN) by SUMO1 is thought to regulate tumorigenesis by retaining PTEN at the plasma membrane, an effect that suppresses PI 3-Kinase/Akt-dependent tumor growth (8).

This N-terminal HA-tagged SUMO is a potent, irreversible and specific inhibitor of SUMO-specific proteases (SENPs). This protein inhibits the hydrolysis of poly-SUMO chains on substrate proteins in vitro and thus enhances poly-SUMO chain accumulation. The HA peptide sequence (YPYDVPDYA) is derived from the influenza Hemagglutinin protein. This epitope allows for the sensitive identification or purification of SENP activities since it is specifically recognized by anti-HA antibodies and/or anti-HA-agarose.

• References:

1. Desterro, J.M. et al. (1997) FEBS. Lett. 417:297.

2. Bettermann, K. et al. (2012) Cancer Lett. 316:113.

3. Praefcke, G.J. et al. (2012) Trends Biochem. Sci. 37:23.

4. Okuma, T. et al. (1999) Biochem. Biophys. Res.  Commun. 254:693.

5. Tatham, M.H. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:35368.

6. Johnson, E.S. et al. (1997) EMBO J. 16:5509.

7. Yun, S.M. et al. (2012) Neurobiol Aging. [Epub ahead of print].

8. Huang, J. et al. (2012) Nat. Commun. 3:911.

• Long Name:

  Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier 1

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  7341 (Human); 22218 (Mouse); 301442 (Rat)

• Alternate Names:

  DAP1; GAP modifying protein 1; GAP-modifying protein 1; GMP1SMT3CSMT3H3OFC10UBL1PIC1; PIC1; SENP2; Sentrin; small ubiquitin-related modifier 1; SMT3 homolog 3; SMT3 suppressor of mif two 3 homolog 1 (S. cerevisiae); SMT3 suppressor of mif two 3 homolog 1 (yeast); SMT3; SMT3C; SMT3H3; SUMO1; SUMO-1; Ubiquitin-homology domain protein PIC1; ubiquitin-like 1 (sentrin); Ubiquitin-like protein SMT3C; Ubiquitin-like protein UBL1; UBL1