• Species Reactivity

  Mouse

• Specificity

  Detects mouse IL-19 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs and Western blots, no cross-reactivity with recombinant human    
  IL-19 is observed.

• Source

  Monoclonal Rat IgG2b Clone # 350105

• Immunogen

  E. coli-derived recombinant mouse IL-19    
  Leu25-Ala176    
  Accession # Q8CJ70

• Formulation

  Supplied 0.2 mg/mL in a saline solution containing BSA and Sodium Azide.

• Label

  Alexa Fluor 750

Applications

• Recommended    
  Concentration

  Sample

• Intracellular Staining by Flow Cytometry

  0.25-1 µg/10    ⁶ cells

  Mouse whole blood cells fixed with paraformaldehyde and permeabilized with saponin

• 
  

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application.  are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Preparation and Storage

• Shipping

  The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

• Stability & Storage

  Store the unopened product at 2 - 8 °C. Do not use past expiration date.

Background: IL-19

Interleukin 19 (IL-19) is a member of the IL-10 family of cytokines (1). The IL-10 family is a class II alpha -helical collection of cytokines that contains two groups, a viral homolog and a cellular homolog group. Within the cellular homolog group, there are two additional groupings, one which uses IL-10 R2 as a signal transducing receptor (IL-10, IL-22 and IL-26), and one which uses IL-20 R2 as a signal transducing receptor (IL-19, IL-20 and IL-24) (2‑4). Mouse IL-19 is synthesized as a 176 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 24 aa signal sequence and a 152 aa mature region (5). Based on human studies, it is expected to be secreted as a glycosylated monomer, 35‑45 kDa in size (2, 6, 7). IL-19 is unusual in that it contains seven amphipathic helices (2, 4, 8). Mature mouse IL-19 shares 69% aa sequence identity with the mature human IL-19, and 85% and 68% aa identity to unpublished Genbank sequences for rat and canine IL-19, respectively. Although mouse IL-19 is active on human cells, human IL-19 is not active on mouse cells (5). IL-19 expression is limited to activated keratinocytes and monocytes, with a possible contribution from B cells (6, 9, 10). IL-19 binds a receptor complex consisting of the IL-20 receptor alpha (also known as IL-20 R1) and the IL-20 receptor beta (IL-20 R2) (3, 4, 11, 12). This receptor complex is also shared by IL-20 and IL-24. Notably, IL-19 is reported to actually bind to IL-20 R2, which is generally considered to be only the signal transducing receptor subunit (7, 13). Functionally, it has been reported that IL-19 both will and will not induce IL-6 and TNF production by monocytes (5, 14). It does, however, seem to drive T-helper cell differentiation towards a Th2 response, inducing both IL-10 and production of itself (5, 14, 15).

• References:

1. Fickenscher, H. et al. (2002) Trends Immunol. 23:89.  

2. Pestka, S. et al. (2004) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 22:929. 

3. Zdanov (2004) Curr. Pharm. Des. 10:3873. 

4. Gallagher, G. et al. (2004) Int. Immunopathol. 4:615.  

5. Laio, Y.-C. et al. (2002) J. Immunol. 169:4288. 

6. Gallagher, G. et al. (2000) Genes Immun. 1:442. 

7. Pletnev, S. et al. (2003) Biochemistry 42:12617. 

8. Chang, C. et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278:3308.

9. Romer, J. et al. (2003) J. Invest. Dermatol. 121:1306.

10. Wolk, K. et al. (2002) J. Immunol. 168:5397.

11. Dumoutier, L. et al. (2001) J. Immunol. 167:3545.

12. Parrish-Novak, J. et al. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277:47517

13. Preimel, D. and H. Sticht (2004) J. Mol. Model. 10:290.

14. Jordan, W.J. et al. (2005) Eur. J. Immunol. 35:1576.

15. Laio, S.-C. et al. (2004) J. Immunol. 173:6712.

• Long Name:

  Interleukin 19

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  29949 (Human); 329244 (Mouse)

• Alternate Names:

  IL-10C; IL19; IL-19; interleukin 19; MDA1; melanoma differentiation associated protein-like protein; NG.1Melanoma differentiation-associated protein-like protein; ZMDA1interleukin-19