• Species Reactivity

  Mouse

• Specificity

  Detects mouse GDF-9 in direct ELISAs.

• Source

  Monoclonal Rat IgG    _2A Clone # 785123

• Purification

  Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant

• Immunogen

  Chinese hamster ovary cell line CHO-derived recombinant mouse GDF-9    
  Met1-Arg441    
  Accession # Q07105

• Formulation

  Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.

• Label

  Unconjugated

Applications

• Recommended    
  Concentration

  Sample

• Neutralization

  Measured by its ability to neutralize GDF‑9-induced growth inhibition in the Mv1Lu mink lung epithelial cell line. The Neutralization Dose (ND    ₅₀) is typically 0.4-2.4 µg/mL in the presence of 0.5 µg/mL Recombinant Mouse GDF‑9.

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application.  are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Data Examples

Preparation and Storage

• Reconstitution

  Reconstitute at 0.5 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

• Shipping

  The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. *Small pack size (SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at -20 to -70 °C

• Stability & Storage

  Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.    

• 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.

• 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

• 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: GDF-9

Growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9) is a member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta ) superfamily, and is an oocyte secreted paracrine factor essential for mammalian ovarian folliculogenesis (1‑2). Mouse GDF-9 is synthesized as a 441 amino acid (aa) prepropeptide that contains a 29 aa signal sequence, a 277 aa propeptide, and a 135 aa mature chain. Residues 340‑441 constitute a TGF-beta like domain. In addition, there is one potential site of N-linked glycosylation in the mature chain. Unlike other members of the TGF-beta superfamily, GDF-9 lacks the conserved cysteine residue that is believed to form the sole disulfide linkage between subunits in other family members (3). Mature mouse GDF-9 shares 90% aa sequence identity with mature human GDF 9. The protein is expressed throughout the development of the maturing follicle (2). GDF-9 functions as a paracrine factor in the regulation of granulosa cell proliferation and differentiation, and is essential for fertility (2, 4). Studies on GDF-9 null mice have demonstrated arrested follicular development at the primary follicle stage (5). Mouse GDF-9 induces Smad2 phosphorylation and inhibin production in rat diethylstilbestrol treated granulosa cells (6) and in human granulosa-luteal cells (7). The downstream signaling actions of GDF 9 are mediated by the type I receptor, activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5), initiating the subsequent activation of Smad2 and Smad3 (2, 8). GDF 9 uses the BMP type II receptor (BMPRII) as its other signaling receptor (2, 9).

• References:

1. McGrath, S.A. et al. (1995) Mol. Endocrinol. 9:131.

2. Mottershead, D.G. et al. (2008) Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 283:58.

3. McPherron, A.C. and S.-J. Lee (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 268:3444.

4. Gilchrist, R.B. et al. (2006) J. Cell. Sci. 119:3811.

5. Dong, J. et al. (1996) Nature 383:531.

6. Roh, J.S. et al. (2003) Endocrinology 144:172.

7. Kaivo-Oja, N. et al. (2003) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 88:755.

8. Mazerbourg, S. et al. (2004) Mol. Endocrinol. 18:653.

9. Vitt, U.A. et al. (2002) Biol. Reprod. 67:473.

• Long Name:

  Growth Differentiation Factor 9

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  2661 (Human); 14566 (Mouse)

• Alternate Names:

  GDF9; GDF-9; growth differentiation factor 9; growth/differentiation factor 9