• Species Reactivity

  Human

• Specificity

  Detects human IL-33 in direct ELISAs.    
   

• Source

  Recombinant Monoclonal Goat IgG Clone # 40015D

• Purification

  Protein A or G purified from cell culture supernatant

• Immunogen

  E. coli-derived recombinant human IL-33    
  Ser112-Thr270    
  Accession # O95760

• Formulation

  Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.

• Endotoxin Level

  <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.  

• Label

  Unconjugated

Applications

• 
  

  Recommended    
  Concentration

  Sample

• Western Blot

  1 µg/mL

  See below

• 
  

• Immunohistochemistry

  0.3-25 µg/mL

  See below

• 
  

• Neutralization

  Measured by its ability to neutralize IL‑33-induced proliferation in the D10.G4.1 mouse helper T cell line. Schmitz, J. et al. (2005) Immunity     23:479. The Neutralization Dose (ND    ₅₀) is typically 0.75-3 µg/mL in the presence of 12 ng/mL Recombinant Human IL‑33 and sub-optimal amounts of Mouse CD3 epsilon Monoclonal Antibody.

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application.  are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Data Examples

Preparation and Storage

• Reconstitution

  Reconstitute at 0.5 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

• Shipping

  The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. *Small pack size (SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at -20 to -70 °C

• Stability & Storage

  Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.    

• 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.

• 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

• 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: IL-33

IL-33, also known as NF-HEV and DVS 27, is a 30 kDa proinflammatory protein that may also regulate gene transcription (1‑3). DVS 27 was identifed as a gene that is up‑regulated in vasospastic cerebral arteries (1). NF-HEV was described as a nuclear factor that is preferentially expressed in the endothelial cells of high endothelial venules relative to endothelial cells from other tissues (2). IL-33 was identified based on sequence and structural homology with IL-1 family cytokines (3). DVS 27, NF-HEV, and IL-33 share 100% amino acid sequence identity. IL-33 is constitutively expressed in smooth muscle and airway epithelia. It is up‑regulated in arterial smooth muscle, dermal fibroblasts, and keratinocytes following IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta stimulation (1, 3). Similar to IL-1, IL-33 can be cleaved in vitro by caspase-1, generating an N-terminal fragment that is slightly shorter than the C-terminal fragment (3, 4). The N-terminal portion of full length IL-33 contains a predicted bipartite nuclear localization sequence and a homeodomain-like helix-turn-helix DNA binding domain. By immunofluorescence, full length IL-33 localizes to the nucleus in HUVECs and transfectants (2). The C-terminal fragment, corresponding to mature IL-33, binds and triggers signaling through mast cell IL-1 R4/ST2L, a longtime orphan receptor involved in the augmentation of Th2 cell responses (3, 5-7). A ternary signaling complex is formed by the subsequent association of IL-33 and ST2L with IL-1R AcP (8). Stimulation of Th2 polarized lymphocytes with mature IL-33 in vitro induces IL-5 and IL-13 secretion (3). In vivo administration of mature IL-33 promotes increased production of IL-5, IL-13, IgE, and IgA, as well as splenomegaly and inflammatory infiltration of mucosal tissues (3). Full length and mature human IL-33 share 52‑58% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat IL-33. Human IL-33 shares less than 20% aa sequence identity with other IL-1 family proteins.

• References:

1. Onda, H. et al. (1999) J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 19:1279.

2. Baekkevold, E.S. et al. (2003) Am. J. Pathol. 163:69.

3. Schmitz, J. et al. (2005) Immunity 23:479.

4. Black, R.A. et al. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264:5323.

5. Xu, D. et al. (1998) J. Exp. Med. 187:787.

6. Lohning, M. et al. (1998) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95:6930.

7. Dinarello, C.A. (2005) Immunity 23:461.

8. Chackerian, A.A. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 179:2551.

• Long Name:

  Interleukin 33

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  90865 (Human); 77125 (Mouse)

• Alternate Names:

  C9orf26; C9orf26chromosome 9 open reading frame 26 (NF-HEV); DKFZp586H0523; DVS27; DVS27-related protein; IL1F11; IL-1F11; IL33; IL-33; interleukin 33; Interleukin-1 family member 11; interleukin-33; NFHEV; NF-HEV; NF-HEVNFEHEV; Nuclear factor from high endothelial venules; RP11-575C20.2