• Species Reactivity

  Human

• Specificity

  Detects human S100A13 in ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs, approximately 50% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse S100A13 is observed.

• Source

  Monoclonal Mouse IgG    ₁ Clone # 854114

• Purification

  Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant

• Immunogen

  E. coli-derived recombinant human S100A13    
  Ala2-Lys98    
  Accession # Q99584

• Formulation

  Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.

• Label

  Unconjugated

Applications

• 
  

  Recommended    
  Concentration

  Sample

• Western Blot

  2 µg/mL

  See below

• 
  

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application.  are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Data Examples

Preparation and Storage

• Reconstitution

  Sterile PBS to a final concentration of 0.5 mg/mL.

• Shipping

  The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. *Small pack size (SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at -20 to -70 °C

• Stability & Storage

  Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.    

• 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.

• 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

• 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: S100A13

S100A13 is an 11 kDa member of the S100 (soluble in 100% saturated ammonium sulfate) family of vertebrate EF-hand Ca⁺⁺-binding proteins (1‑3). It is widely expressed as a homodimer with two 98 amino acid (aa) long subunits (2, 3). Human S100A13 shares 83%, 90%, 91%, 87%, 78% and 47% aa identity with mouse, rat, cow, dog, opossum and chicken S100A13, respectively. Like other S100 proteins, S100A13 is small and generally acidic, but contains a basic residue-rich sequence at the C terminus, and two EF hand motifs that bind with Ca⁺⁺ differing affinities (2‑4). Some S100 proteins, including S100A13, are able to bind the cell surface receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) (5). Despite lacking a signal sequence, S100A13 plays an important role in Cu⁺⁺-dependent export of FGF-1 (FGF acidic) and IL-1 alpha from the cell in response to stresses such as heat shock, anoxia and starvation (6‑8). Binding of copper is necessary for formation of a multi-protein complex between S100A13, FGF-1 and p40 synaptotagmin-1 (syt-1) (9, 10). Cu⁺⁺ ions supplied by S100A13 are thought to oxidize and downregulate the activity of FGF-1 prior to export (10). Calcium influx may also play a similar role in FGF-1 release from neuronal cells (11). S100A13 is composed of four amphiphilic helices that may interact with acidic phospholipid headgroups. With FGF-1 and syt-1, S100A13 likely perturbs the membrane, which allows the S100A13 protein complex to exit the cell (4, 12). S100A13 has been proposed as a marker for angiogenesis in tumors and endometrium, due to its role in stress-induced export of FGF-1 (13, 14). Based on in house studies, S100A13 has also been found to promote neurite outgrowth from rat cortical embryonic neurons (15).

• References:

1. Santamaria-Kisiel, L. et al. (2006) Biochem. J. 396:201.  

2. Wicki, R. et al. (1996) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 227:594. 

3. Ridinger, K. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:8686. 

4. Li, M. et al. (2007) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 356:616. 

5. Hsieh, H.-L. et al. (2004) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 316:949. 

6. Landriscina, M. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:22544. 

7. Sivaraja, V. et al. (2006) Biophys. J. 91:1832.

8. Mandinova, A. et al. (2003) J. Cell Sci. 116:2687.

9. Prudovsky, I. et al. (2002) J. Cell Biol. 158:201.

10. Landriscina, M. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:25549.

11. Matsunaga, H. and H. Ueda (2006) Cell. Mol. Neurobiol. 26:237.

12. Graziani, I. et al. (2006) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 349:192.

13. Landriscina, M. et al. (2006) J. Neurooncol. 80:251.

14. Hayrabedyan, S. et al. (2005) Reprod. Biol. 5:51.

15. R&D Sytems (2007) In-house data.

• Long Name:

  S100 Calcium Binding Protein

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  6284 (Human); 20196 (Mouse); 295213 (Rat)

• Alternate Names:

  S100 calcium binding protein A13; S100 calcium-binding protein A13protein S100-A13; S100A13