• Species Reactivity

  Human

• Specificity

  Detects human ILT4 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs and Western blots, no cross-reactivity with recombinant human (rh) ILT1, rhILT2, rhILT3, rhILT6, rhILT7, rhILT11, rhLIR6 or rhLIR8 is observed.

• Source

  Monoclonal Mouse IgG    _2A Clone # 287219

• Purification

  Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant

• Immunogen

  Mouse myeloma cell line NS0-derived recombinant human ILT4    
  Gly24-His458    
  Accession # ACT64556

• Formulation

  Supplied in a saline solution containing BSA and Sodium Azide.

• Label

  Phycoerythrin

Applications

• 
  

  Recommended    
  Concentration

  Sample

• Flow Cytometry

  10 µL/10    ⁶ cells

  See below

• 
  

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application.  are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Data Examples

Preparation and Storage

• Shipping

  The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

• Stability & Storage

  Protect from light.    Do not freeze.    

• 12 months from date of receipt, 2 to 8 °C as supplied.

Background: LILRB2/CD85d/ILT4

The immunoglobulin-like transcript (ILT) comprise a family of activating and inhibitory type immunoreceptors whose genes are located in the same locus that encodes killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIR) (1‑3). ILT4, also known as LIR-2 and LILRB2, is a type I transmembrane protein expressed primarily on monocytes and dendritic cells (DC) (4). Human ILT4 is produced as a 598 amino acid (aa) precursor including a 21 aa signal sequence, a 440 aa extracellular domain (ECD), a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 116 aa cytoplasmic domain. The ECD contains four Ig-like domains, and the cytoplasmic domain contains three immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIM) (5). The ECD of human ILT4 shares 76% aa identity with chimpanzee ILT4 and 74%, 81%, 33%, 52%, 77%, 61%, and 64 % aa identity with human ILT1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, and 8, respectively. ILT4 binds to classical MHC I proteins as well as the non-classical HLA-G1 and HLA-F molecules (5‑9). It competes with CD8 alpha for MHC I binding but does not compete with KIR2DL1 (7). Ligation of ILT4 induces Tyr phosphorylation within its cytoplasmic ITIMs, a requirement for association with SHP-1 (4, 6). Activation of ILT4 inhibits signaling through Fc gamma RI (4) and Fc epsilon RI (6) and causes DC to become tolerogenic by downregulation of costimulatory molecules (10, 11). ILT4 mediates tolerogenic DC-induced CD4⁺ T cell energy in vitro and in vivo (10‑12).

• References:

1. Suciu-Foca, N. et al. (2005) Int. Immunopharmacol. 5:7. 

2. Hofmeister, V. and E.H. Weiss (2003) Semin. Canc. Biol. 13:317. 

3. Hunt, J.S. et al. (2005) FASEB J. 19:681. 

4. Finger, N.A. et al. (1998) Eur. J. Immunol. 28:3423. 

5. Borges, L. et al. (1997) J. Immunol. 159:5192. 

6. Colonna, M. et al. (1998) J. Immunol. 160:3096. 

7. Shiroishi, M. et al. (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 100:8856.

8. Lepin, E.J.M. et al. (2000) Eur. J. Immunol. 30:3552.

9. Allen, R.L. et al. (2001) J. Immunol. 167:5543.

10. Chang, C.C. et al. (2002) Nat. Immunol. 3:237.

11. Ristich, V. et al. (2005) Eur. J. Immunol. 35:1133.

12. Manavalan, J.S. et al. (2003) Transpl. Immunol. 11:245.

• Long Name:

  Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-like Receptor, Subfamily B (with TM and ITIM Domains), Member 5

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  10288 (Human)

• Alternate Names:

  CD85 antigen-like family member D; CD85d antigen; CD85d; Ig-like transcript 4; ILT4; ILT-4; ILT4CD85d; Immunoglobulin-like transcript 4; Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor 2; leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 2 soluble isoform; leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 2; leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor, subfamily B (with TM and ITIM domains); LILRB2; LIR2; LIR2CD85D; LIR-2subfamily A (with TM domain), member 6; member 2; MIR10; MIR10LILRA6; Monocyte/macrophage immunoglobulin-like receptor 10