• Purity

  >95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain

• Endotoxin Level

  <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.  

• Activity

  Measured in a cell proliferation assay using Neuro‑2A mouse neuroblastoma cells. The ED    ₅₀ for this effect is 1.5-6.0 μg/mL.

• Source

  Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO-derived Gly32-Phe172, with a C-terminal 6-His tag

• Accession #

• N-terminal Sequence    
  Analysis

  Starts at Gly32

• Structure / Form

  Monomer

• Predicted Molecular Mass

  16.5 kDa

• SDS-PAGE

  19-21 kDa, reducing conditions

Background: Neudesin

Neudesin (neuron‑derived neurotrophic secreted protein), gene name NENF (neudesin neurotrophic factor), also called CIR2 (cell immortalization‑related 2) or GIG47, is a secreted, 20‑21 kDa member of the MAPR (membrane‑associated progesterone receptor) subfamily of the cytochrome b5 family of molecules (1, 2). Human Neudesin is synthesized as a 172 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 31 aa signal sequence with a 141 aa mature region that possesses a cytochrome b5‑like heme‑binding domain over aa 44‑129, and a lysine acetylation site at aa 136 (1‑4). The attachment of hemin to its heme‑binding domain is necessary for its neurotrophic activity, and the binding of heme accounts for 5‑6 kDa of its circulating molecular weight (3). Mature human Neudesin shares 97%, 94% and 96% aa identity with mouse, rat, and bovine Neudesin, respectively. Neudesin appears to selectively promote cell survival or proliferation and inhibit differentiation in multiple settings. It is expressed by neuronal progenitors and neurons in the central nervous system, and by preadipocytes in white adipose tissue (5, 6). It promotes neuronal differentiation with limited proliferation and serves as a neuron survival factor, but inhibits both astrocyte and adipocyte differentiation (1, 5, 6). Neudesin over‑expression is found in tumors in the human breast, cervix, colon, lung and skin, and in human tumor cell lines that include some lymphomas and leukemias; transfection studies indicate that it may act as an oncogene (4, 7).

• References:

1. Kimura, I. et al. (2005) J. Neurosci. Res. 79:287.

2. Ma, L. et al. (1998) Oncogene 17:1321.

3. Kimura, I. et al. (2008) J. Biol. Chem. 283:4323.

4. Han, K.H. et al. (2012) BMC Cancer 12:274.

5. Kimura, I. et al. (2006) J. Neurosci. Res. 83:1415.

6. Kimura, I. et al. (2009) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 381:75.

7. Neubauer, H. et al. (2006) Electrophoresis 27:1840.

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  29937 (Human); 66208 (Mouse); 289380 (Rat)

• Alternate Names:

  Cell immortalization-related protein 2; CIR2; CIR2cell growth-inhibiting protein 47; NENF; Neudesin; neuron derived neurotrophic factor; Neuron-derived neurotrophic factor; SCIRP10; SCIRP10-related protein; Secreted protein of unknown function; Spinal cord injury related protein 10; SPUF protein; SPUF; SPUFneudesin