• Species Reactivity

  Mouse

• Specificity

  Detects mouse GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs, no cross-reactivity with recombinant human GITR Ligand, recombinant mouse (rm) CD40, or rmTNF-alpha is observed.

• Source

  Monoclonal Rat IgG    _2A Clone # 337122

• Purification

  Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant

• Immunogen

  Mouse myeloma cell line NS0-derived recombinant mouse GITR Ligand/TNFSF18    
  Thr47-Ser173    
  Accession # Q80YG2

• Formulation

  Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.

• Endotoxin Level

  <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.  

• Label

  Unconjugated

Applications

• Recommended    
  Concentration

  Sample

• Mouse GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 Sandwich Immunoassay

  Reagent    

• ELISA Capture (Matched Antibody Pair)

  2-8 µg/mL 

  Mouse GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 Antibody (Catalog # )

• ELISA Detection (Matched Antibody Pair)

  0.1-0.4 µg/mL 

  Mouse GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 Biotinylated Antibody (Catalog # )

• ELISA Standard

   

  Recombinant Mouse GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 (aa 47-173) Protein (Catalog # )

• 
  

• Neutralization

  Measured by its ability to neutralize GITR Ligand/TNFSF18-induced proliferation in mouse CD4     ⁺ T cells. The Neutralization Dose (ND     ₅₀) is typically 2-8 µg/mL in the presence of 2 µg/mL Recombinant Mouse GITR Ligand/TNFSF18, 0.5 µg/mL Mouse CD3 epsilon Monoclonal Antibody, and 10 µg/mL of a cross-linking antibody, polyHistidine Monoclonal Antibody.

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application.  are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Data Examples

Preparation and Storage

• Reconstitution

  Reconstitute at 0.5 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

• Shipping

  The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. *Small pack size (SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at -20 to -70 °C

• Stability & Storage

  Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.    

• 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.

• 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

• 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: GITR Ligand/TNFSF18

Glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor superfamily-related protein ligand (GITRL) is a member of the TNF superfamily (TNFSF) and has been designated TNFSF18. Mouse GITRL cDNA encodes a 173 amino acid (aa) residues type II membrane protein with a C-terminal extracellular domain of 131 aa, an N-terminal cytoplasmic domain of 23 aa and a transmembrane domain of 19 aa. It shares approximately 60% aa sequence identity with human GITRL (2). Mouse GITRL is expressed at high levels in macrophages, dendritic cells and B cells. The expression is transiently up-regulated by LPS stimulation. GITRL binds to the type I transmembrane protein GITR/TNFRSF18, which is a member of the TNF receptor superfamily that is predominantly expressed on CD25⁺ regulatory CD4⁺ T cells (Treg). GITR is also expressed on naïve CD4⁺ CD25^- T cells, where its expression is up-regulated after antigen-driven activation (1, 2). Ligation of GITR has been found to induce nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B activation via TNF receptor-associated factor 2. GITRL provides co-stimulatory signals for activated CD4⁺ CD25^- T cells to enhance cell proliferation and augment cytokine production. On CD4⁺ CD25⁺ Treg cells, GITRL also provides co-stimulatory signals to induce proliferation, setting Treg cells in an active/hyperproliferactive state that reverses the suppressive function of Treg cells. GITRL-GITR ligation provides important co-stimulatory signals that play important roles in modulating diverse T cell functions (1‑4).

• References:

1. Tone, M. et al. (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100:15059.

2. Ji, H. et al. (2004) J. Immunology 172:5823.

3. Kanamaru, F. et al. (2004) J. Immunology 172:7306.

4. Ronchetti, S. et al. (2004) Eur. J. Immunology 34:613.

• Long Name:

  Glucocorticoid Induced TNF Receptor Family Related Gene Ligand

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  8995 (Human); 240873 (Mouse)

• Alternate Names:

  Activation-inducible TNF-related ligand; AITRLMGC138237; GITR Ligand; GITRLglucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein ligand; Glucocorticoid-induced TNF-related ligand; hGITRLGITR ligand; TL6AITR ligand; TNFSF18; tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 18; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18