• Purity

  >97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain

• Endotoxin Level

  <0.01 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.  

• Activity

  Measured by its ability to chemoattract THP‑1 human acute monocytic leukemia cells. The ED    ₅₀ for this effect is 0.01‑0.04 µg/mL. Measured by its ability to chemoattract BaF3 mouse pro‑B cells transfected with human CCR1. The ED    ₅₀ for this effect is 0.002‑0.01 µg/mL.

• Source

  E. coli-derived Met46-Asn137

• Accession #

• N-terminal Sequence    
  Analysis

  Met46

• Predicted Molecular Mass

  10.5 kDa

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

Background: CCL23/Ck beta 8-1

CCL23 (SCY A23), a splice variant of CK beta 8 (also known as MPIF-1), is a beta chemokine isolated from the THP-1 cDNA library. CCL23 cDNA encodes a 137 amino acid (aa) residue precursor protein with a putative 21 aa residue signal peptide. Compared to CK beta 8-1, CK beta 8/MPIF-1 lacks a 17 aa residue stretch (Leu 47 - Gly 63) present in CCL23 and has a unique arginine at residue 46. CK beta 8-1/CK beta 8 (MPIF-1) and leukotactin/MIP-1δ form a subgroup of beta chemokines that have 6 conserved cysteine residues and an extended amino-terminus preceding the conserved cysteine pair. CCL23 shares approximately 73% nucleotide sequence identity with leukotactin (MIP-1δ), and the two genes have been localized to human chromosome 17 within 200 kb of each other. CCL23 mRNA expression has been detected in the pancreas, heart and skeletal muscle. Both CK beta 8-1 and CK beta 8 (MPIF-1) are potent agonists of CCR1 and have been shown to chemoattract peripheral blood lymphocytes and monocytes. The two chemokines have also been reported to chemoattract neutrophils and to inhibit colony formation by human hematopoietic progenitor cells. Similar to CK beta 8 (MPIF-1), the truncated form of CK beta 8-1 (aa 46 - 132) produced at R&D Systems has been shown to have greatly enhanced biological activity compared to the full length mature CK beta 8-1 (aa 22 - 132).

• References:

1. Youn, B-S. et al. (1998) Blood 91:3118.

2. Macphee, C.H. et al. (1998) J. Immunol. 161:6273.

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  6368 (Human)

• Alternate Names:

  C6 beta-chemokine; CCL23/Ck beta 8-1; chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 23; Ck beta 8-1; CKb8; Ckb-8; Ckb81; CK-beta-8; hmrp-2a; Macrophage inflammatory protein 3; MIP3; MIP-3CK-BETA-8; MPIF1; MPIF-1Ckb-8-1; Myeloid progenitor inhibitory factor 1; SCYA23C-C motif chemokine 23; small inducible cytokine subfamily A (Cys-Cys), member 23; Small-inducible cytokine A23